La modélisation 3D : une nouvelle voie pour les documents d'urbanisme ? Application à l'optimisation énergétique des bâtiments

Built-up areas and more particularly buildings are important energy-consumers. If, in France, energetic regulation and principles of town planning intended to improve the energy efficiency do exist, we will show the limits of the methods of calculation for solar radiation and the necessity of making solar simulations on a realistic urban model. The paper will explain the current lack of 3D urban models for solar simulation, and then will present a 3D urban model of the city of Compiègne, adapted for simulations. The conclusion will show the different perspectives of application of such a tool, on the building, and for urban areas. MOTS-CLÉS : modèle 3D urbain, simulation solaire à l’échelle urbaine, règlementation thermique, principes d’urbanisme, formes urbaines et ensoleillement.